The resolution of the phylogenetic relationships within the order Teloschistales (Ascomycota, lichen-forming-fungi), with nearly 2000 known species and outstanding phenotypic diversity, has been hindered by the limitation in the resolving power that single-locus or two-locus phylogenetic studies have provided to date. In this context, an extensive taxon sampling within the Teloschistales with more

Abstract in UndeterminedSignal detection algorithms providing likelihood informationfor coded spatial-multiplexing multiple-input multipleoutput(MIMO) wireless communication system pose a criticaldesign challenge due to their prohibitively high computationalcomplexity. In this paper, we present a low-complexity soft-outputdetection algorithm by adopting four implementation-friendlyalgorithm-level

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) can be used as antibody mimics to develop robust chemical sensors. One challenging problem in using MIPs for sensor development is the lack of reliable conjugation chemistry that allows MIPs to be fixed on transducer surface. In this work, we study the use of epoxy silane to immobilize MIP nanoparticles on model transducer surfaces without impairing the functi

Following reports in the late 1950s of a correlation between the effects of psychotropic drugs on monoamine metabolism and on affective states, it became generally accepted that brain monoaminergic systems contributed to the pathophysiology of depression. After this, psychiatric researchers continued to pursue the neurochemical effects of antidepressants, hoping to gain novel insights into the bio

Climate changes have profound effects on the distribution of numerous plant and animal species(1-3). However, whether and how different taxonomic groups are able to track climate changes at large spatial scales is still unclear. Here, we measure and compare the climatic debt accumulated by bird and butterfly communities at a European scale over two decades (1990-2008). We quantified the yearly cha

A novel lab-on-a-chip nanotree enzyme reactor is demonstrated for the detection of acetylcholine. The reactors are intended for use in the RISFET (regional ion sensitive field effect transistor) nanosensor, and are constructed from gold-tipped branched nanorod structures grown on SiN(x)-covered wafers. Two different reactors are shown: one with simple, one-dimensional nanorods and one with branche

For financial risk management it is of vital interest to have good estimates for the correlations between the stocks. It has been found that the correlations obtained from historical data are covered by a considerable amount of noise, which leads to a substantial error in the estimation of the portfolio risk. A method to suppress this noise is power mapping. It raises the absolute value of each ma

Nucleic acids are well recognized targets for platinum-based anticancer drugs, with RNA and DNA being kinetically comparable. In the case of RNA, previous studies have shown that the reaction between small duplex RNAs (dsRNAs) and monoaquated cisplatin (cis-Pt(NH3)2Cl(OH2)(+), ) can be followed by the metal induced hyperchromicity occurring directly after addition of to e.g. microRNA mimics. In th

Modelling and simulation nowadays permeate virtually any engineering activity, requiring tools capable of managing complex models efficiently. Nonetheless, whereas modern modelling languages and tools allow to construct such models even on lightweight platforms (e.g., a laptop), the same is not true when it comes to numerically integrate those models. For the latter purpose, modellers usually purs

An ultra-wideband, non-dispersive leaky lens antenna system for impulse applications has been designed, fabricated and characterized. An in-house wavelet generator is connected to the antenna to transmit 100 ps-long square pulses with center frequencies at 45, 60 and 75 GHz. It is shown that the leaky lens antenna has negligible distortion and preserves the pulse shape generated by the millimeter-

The authors examine the observed heterogeneity in self-assessed health (SAH) among the aged in India using data on health and living conditions of the elderly in India from the 60th Round of National Sample Survey (2004-2005). Results indicate that almost one fourth of the old in India rate their health as poor, and there exists considerable interstate variations in SAH ratings. Based on hypothese

Immunotherapy has shown effectiveness against experimental malignant brain tumors, but the clinical results have been less convincing most likely due to immunosuppression. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) is the key immunosuppressive product of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and increased levels of PGE2 and COX-2 have been shown in several tumor types including brain tumors. In the current study, we report enha

Acidification and N-deposition are continuous processes that alter the composition of plant communities. We investigated vegetation transitions in sandy grasslands and tested two hypotheses: (1) a shift from vegetation dominated by Koeleria glauca to one dominated by Corynephorus canescens is due to acidification and (2) a shift from vegetation dominated by K. glauca to one dominated by Arrhenathe

Abstract in Undetermined Recent research has shown that the pupil signal from video-based eye trackers contains post saccadic oscillations (PSOs). These reflect pupil motion relative to the limbus (Nyström, Hooge, & Holmqvist, 2013). More knowledge about video-based eye tracker signals is essential to allow comparison between the findings obtained from modern systems, and those of older eye tr

From an interplay between scanning tunneling microscopy, temperature programmed desorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations we have studied low-temperature CO oxidation on Au/Ni(111) surface alloys and on Ni(111). We show that an oxide is formed on both the Ni(111) and the Au/Ni(111) surfaces when oxygen is dosed at 100 K, and that CO can be oxidized at

The ability to make specific perturbations to biological molecules in a cell or organism is a central experimental strategy in modern research biology. We have developed a general technique in which the stability of a specific protein is regulated by a cell-permeable small molecule. Mutants of the Escherichia coil dihydrofolate reductase (ecDHFR) were engineered to be degraded, and, when this dest

This paper presents a study in which the specific activity of (14)C in hair has been investigated as an easily determined bio-indicator of the integrated (14)C exposure (over several months). The study includes 28 Swedish workers handling (14)C-labelled compounds, or working in a (14)C-enriched environment. Hair samples from personnel at a Swedish nuclear power plant showed very low levels of (14)

Firms from emerging countries are going global, and Europe is attracting around one-third of their direct outward investments. Growing internationalization constitutes an opportunity for technological catch up. In this paper we analyze Brazilian, Indian, and Chinese cross-border inventions with European Union (EU-27) inventors, during the period 1990-2012. Our results suggest that these inventions