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Denna uppsats behandlar gråzonen mellan straffvärda och straffria sexuella handlingar mot barn. Som utgångspunkt är alla sexuella handlingar mot barn otillåtna oavsett om de varit frivilliga. Det finns dock en ansvarsfrihetsregel som innebär att vissa sexuella handlingar mot barn inte ska straffas om det är uppenbart att handlingen inte inneburit ett övergrepp mot barnet. Syftet med uppsatsenThis thesis examines the gray area between punishable and unpunishable sexual acts against children. All sexual acts against children are criminalized, regardless of whether the child consented or not. However, there is a rule prescribing discharge from liability for sexual acts which obviously did not involve an abuse of the child. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the circumstances

Reglerna i rättegångsbalken (1942:740) som reglerar användandet av sakkunnigbevisning har i princip inte förändrats sedan balken trädde ikraft på början av 1940-talet. Detta har skapat en slags obalans mellan hur rättsordningen föreskriver att sakkunnigbevisningen ska tillämpas och hur användandet av sakkunniga faktiskt ser ut i praktiken. Uppsatsen inleds med en historisk tillbakablick där blandThe rules in the Swedish Code of Judicial Procedure that regulates the use of expert evidence have not been revised since The Code entered into force in the early 1940s. This has created a sort of imbalance between how the legal system intends the rules on expert evidence to be applied and what the use of trial experts actually looks like in practice. The essay begins with a historical background

Internationell investeringsrätt är ett mycket komplext rättsområde som består av cirka 3000 internationella investeringsavtal som syftar till att främja och skydda utländska investeringar. De tillhandahåller en tvistlösningsmekanism kallad investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) mellan investerare och stater som ger investerare rätt att stämma värdstater direkt inför internationella skiljedomstolInternational investment law (IIL) is a highly complex area of law that consists of around 3000 international investment agreements (IIAs) that aim to promote and protect foreign investment. They provide for investor-State dispute settlement (ISDS) which gives investors the right to sue host States directly through international arbitral tribunals. During the last decade, this system has received

Hållbarhetsfrågor har under de senaste åren beretts allt större utrymme i samhällsdebatten, från att tidigare ha reglerats uteslutande genom soft law har nu bindande reglering börjat tillkomma på området. Genom inrättandet av FN:s Agenda 2030, den nya taxonomiförordningen samt regler om hållbarhetsrapportering är förhoppningen att en vidsträckt transparens kring företagens hållbarhetsarbete kommerIssues regarding sustainability have in recent years gained increasing importance in the public debate. From having previously been regulated exclusively through soft law, binding regulations have now also been established within the sustainability framework. With the launch of the UN Agenda 2030, the Taxonomy Regulation and new EU laws on sustainability reporting, the hope is that greater transpa

Blockkedjor associeras ofta med kryptovalutor. Användningsområdet för blockkedjor är dock betydligt större än så. År 2018 spådde World Economic Forum att 10 % av den globala BNP:n kommer att vara lagrat på en blockkedja år 2025. Med hjälp av blockkedjetekniken har smarta kontrakt utvecklats. Smarta kontrakt är digitala avtal som är upprättade i kod och som tillämpar blockkedjeteknik för sin funktiBlockchains are often associated with cryptocurrencies. However, the scope of use of blockchains is much wider than that. In 2018, the World Economic Forum predicted that 10% of global GDP will be stored on a blockchain by 2025. Using blockchain technology, smart contracts have been developed. Smart contracts are digital agreements established in code and blockchain technology is applied. When cer

Denna utredning granskar hur proportionalitetsprincipen används i ett förarbete som föreslår straffskärpningar. Syftet är att problematisera huruvida proportionalitetsprincipen kan tillförsäkra enhetliga bedömningar av förhållandet mellan brott och straff på ett sätt som tillgodoser intresset av rättvisa bestraffningar och en begränsning av statens bestraffande makt. Utredningen granskar därför prThis thesis examines how the principle of proportionality is used in a law proposal that suggests increased penalties. It aims to problematize if the principle of proportionality can ensure stable assessments of the relationship between crime and punishment in a way that satisfies the interest of fair punishment and that limits the punitive power of the state. It is therefore interested in examini

On March 22 this year, the Swedish government decided to allocate an area called Gállok/Kallak to the British company Beowulf Mining for future extraction of iron ore. The granting of the concession was met with extensive criticism since the location of the mine will interfere with traditional reindeer grazing land and have negative impacts on Sami businesses and livelihoods. Several scholars argu

Dye affinity chromatography is one of the chromatography techniques which uses dye as a ligand for protein purification. In this study, single-layer poly(acrylamide-allyl glycidyl ether) cryogel was prepared, which contains free epoxy groups at sub-zero temperature. The double-layer was prepared inside a primary single-layer cryogel to form a secondary network inside the gel. Cibacron Blue F3GA wa

The war in Ukraine has made the issue of energy poverty salient again in Germany after a long period of political neglect and limited attention. In studying the issue, I bridged agency and structure by employing Hajer’s Argumentative Discourse Analysis to examine both discourse coalitions and their storylines between 2017 and early 2022. I examined the discursive mechanisms behind the marginalizat

Det finns ett behov av förändring inom det internationella skattesystemet för att kunna hantera utmaningarna med skatteundandragande till följd av den digitala ekonomin. De nuvarande internationella beskattningsprinciperna har några år på nacken och är inte uppdaterade i enlighet med den digitala utvecklingen som skett på senare år. Det är därför av största vikt att komma underfund med hur dessa lThere is a need for change in the international tax system to be able to deal with the challenges and gaps of tax evasion due to the digital economy. The current international taxation principles are a few years old and has not been updated in accordance with the digital development that has taken place in recent years. It is therefore of the utmost importance to find out how these gaps in taxatio

En transaktion med en “warehousing”-struktur är en typ av två-stegstransaktion som omfattar flera moment, där säljaren först överlåter målbolaget till en tillfällig köpare som i sin tur överlåter målbolaget till en slutlig köpare. Den tillfälliga köparen används som ett lager för aktierna fram tills den slutliga transaktionen blivit godkänd av Europeiska kommissionen, varefter den slutliga transakA transaction with a warehousing structure is a type of two-step transaction, where the seller first transfers the target company to an interim buyer, who in turn transfers the target company to an ultimate buyer. The interim buyer is used as a ‘warehouse’ for the shares until the ultimate transaction is approved by the European Commission, after which the ultimate transaction can be implemented.

This study aims to examine whether the Swedendemocrats has moved into the mainstream in the timeframe of 2010 to 2019. Based on the theoretical framework presented in Akkerman et al. (2016) and its methodological approach, the study analyzes the Swedendemocrats through the three dimensions that refers to mainstreaming. The Swedendemocrats are then examined on basis of position blurring in multidim

En parts tillgång till information i en rättegång blir ofta avgörande för hur väl denne kan tillvarata sin rätt. Det är som huvudregel upp till parterna själva att anskaffa informationen, men det finns undantag. För de fall en informations-innehavare vid den utomprocessuella informationsanskaffningen inte med-verkar kan domstolen ibland bistå med informationsanskaffningen. InformationsanskaffningA party's access to information is crucial within the litigation process. In the event of a legal dispute, the main rule is that the parties must take care of gathering the necessary information on their own. However, there are exceptions. For those cases where the information holder does not cooperate, the court can assist with the information-gathering. Obtaining information in the event of

The study aims to evaluate climate movements in four different democracies in order to determine what impacts their choice of strategy for political influence. Movements can choose to either be disruptive or conventional. An internal set of variables through resource mobilisation, and an external set of variables through a theory of state relationship with social movements are examined through the

This explorative essay aims to describe and evaluate local councilors’ EU knowledge in the South of Sweden (swe. Sydsverige). In the few previous studies, the self-assessed EU knowledge of Swedish local politicians has been found to be low (SOU 2016:10; Europeiska regionkommittén 2021). This is despite that the local level is affected by politics on the EU level on a daily basis, through implement

Straffrätten är ett uråldrigt system för att uttrycka och upprätthålla olika värden. I sin utformning och begreppsapparat är den framförallt anpassad till klassiska, synbara, fysiska angrepp av olika slag. Den riskerar därför att bli vilseledd i mötet med det moderna samhällets normer och intrikata sociala mönster. Ett område där straffrätten ofta har svårt att navigera är den ekonomiska brottsligThe criminal law is an ancient system for expressing and enforcing different values. Its structure and language are primarily tailored for traditional, visible, physical offences. It is therefore prone to be led astray by the norms and intricate social patterns of modern society. One field where it is oftentimes difficult for the criminal law to navigate is that of white-collar or economic crime.

Evaluative practices play an increasingly important role in the management of local government. More than ever, evaluations are seen as a means for stakeholders to garner objective information about the performance of public organizations in order to demand accountability. However, this understanding of evaluative judgments as objective is being challenged by constructivist scholars. They argue th

This study examines the development of affective polarization in Sweden and whether it can be attributed to the political debate changing its focus to new issues. The study builds on data from the SOM-undersökning and focuses on the last twenty years. In the study, I argue that changes in what the electorate perceives to be the most important type of political issue have a causal effect on aff