The effect of the pineal indole hormone melatonin on the life span of mice, rats and fruit flies has been studied using various approaches. It has been observed that in female CBA, SHR, SAM and transgenic HER-2/neu mice long-term administration of melatonin was followed by an increase in the mean life span. In rats, melatonin treatment increased survival of male and female rats. In D. melanogaster

Popular Abstract in Swedish Inledningen till avhandlingens första kapitel tar avstamp i en diskussion om normativa (hur man bör göra) och deskriptiva (hur man faktiskt går tillväga) förhandlingsteorier. Normativa teorier bygger på antaganden om att människor kan och vet i stort sett allting och de ger råd om hur man bör göra. De deskriptiva förhandlingsteorierna försöker förklara hur människor fakScholars within the Process school assume that cognitive and motivational aspects within the decision and integration processes may systematically effect the outcome of mergers and acquisitions. More specifically, it has been suggested that decision makers use heuristics for simplifying information processing which may introduce bias. The main aim of the present thesis is to add to the understandi

Purpose: To analyze how carbonated thin liquids affected the physiology of swallowing in dysphagic patients. Material and Methods: 40 patients were analyzed; 36 were neurologically impaired. During a therapeutic videoradiographic swallowing examination the patients had to swallow liquids with the following consistencies three times: thin, thickened and carbonated. The liquids were given in doses

There have recently been several studies of the performance of laser frequency stabilization using spectral holes in solids, instead of an external cavity, as a frequency reference. Here an analytical theory for Pound-Drever-Hall laser frequency stabilization using spectral hole-burning is developed. The interaction between the atomic medium and the phase modulated light is described using a linea

Popular Abstract in Swedish I Sverige betonas idag alltmer det hälsofrämjande arbetet riktat mot barn, ungdomar och deras föräldrar. Olika föräldrastödsaktiviteter erbjuds. Det behövs ökad kunskap om varför vissa aktiviteter fungerar bättre än andra. Det är även viktigt att känna till föräldrarnas motiv för att deltaga och upplevelser av stödaktiviteten. Syftet med denna avhandling var att belysa In today's Swedish society there is increasing emphasis on health-promotive work among children, adolescents, and their parents. Knowledge is needed about why certain activities work better than others. It is important to study the parents' motives and experiences of participating in parental supporting programmes. In child health care, mostly among the nurses, there is a contrast between what th

Glioma cells are characterized by their invasiveness and resistance against conventional therapeutics. Telomerase activity has been suggested to be an important target for glioma treatment. Here we assessed the anticancer effects and its potential mechanisms of lentiviral vector mediated siRNA knock-down of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in U87MG human glioblastoma cells. Stabl

Low iron status is known to increase the uptake of dietary cadmium in both adolescents and adults and there are indications that cadmium is absorbed from the intestine by the two major iron transporters divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and ferroportin 1 (FPN1), In addition, it has been suggested that duodenal metallothionein (MT) may limit the transport of cadmium across the intestinal epitheli

Objective. Recently, it was reported that treatment with adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) has a strong lipid-lowering effect in healthy individuals. The mechanism behind this has not been established. The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of ACTH on the plasma lipoprotein pattern in patients treated with a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. Design

The objectives of the present study were to estimate long-term risks of osteoporotic fractures. The incidence of hip, distal forearm, proximal humerus and vertebral fracture were obtained from patient records in Malmo, Sweden. Vertebral fractures were confined to those coming to clinical attention, either as an inpatient or an outpatient case. Patient records were examined to exclude individuals w

Because of conflicting evidence about several fundamental issues, long-distance animal navigation has yet to be satisfactorily explained. Among the unsolved problems are the nature of genetic spatial control of migration and the relationships between celestial and magnetic compass mechanisms and between different map-related cues in orientation and homing, respectively. In addition, navigation is

Annually laminated (varved) sediments from the River Angermanalven, mid-central Sweden, have been used to construct an annual 2000-year long record of varve thickness. Maximum daily annual discharge and mean varve thickness for the years 1909-1971 are significantly correlated (r = 0.87). A relationship between maximum daily annual discharge for the observed period (1909-1971) and varve thickness w

Virtual pedagogical agents (VPAs), i.e. computer generated characters in pedagogical roles, populate the digital society in increasing numbers. They are found in educational programs from preschool to university. In a broader educational context, they function as virtual medical counsellors, physical exercise coaches and guides on city web pages – and they also appear in edutainment and infotainme

How can an artificial island and a bridge-building project shape the dreams and plans for a transnational region? In this article I examine the making of the Oresund region of Denmark and Sweden by analyzing the intertwining of bridge construction and region building, from the early dreams and plans, to the actual construction phase, to the ceremonial opening in 2000, and to the difficult transiti

The IWA Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1) was presented in 2002 and is expected to represent the state-of-the-art model within this field in the future. Due to its complexity the implementation of the model is not a simple task and several computational aspects need to be considered, in particular if the ADM1 is to be included in dynamic simulations of plant-wide or even integrated systems. I