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After years of secretive, back-door negotiations, the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) was finally revealed to the public on November 5, 2015. While the TPP has been regarded by some as the “gold standard” for free trade agreements in the twenty-first century, a wide spectrum of political opposition has continued formed around the deal. This paper builds on the growing body of critical scholarship
The European migrant crisis escalated in 2015 and we saw the countries involved making various policy decisions. The following text will analyze the migration policies of the Danish and Swedish governments and why those policies were implemented. Using the method of an analysis of ideas I will try to establish a platform from which the policies could be explained and understood. A crucial assumpti
Civic integration is something that states interpret differently in their formulation of citizenship requirements. Thinking of the ongoing refugee crisis in Europe, citizenship policy is an important issue because states will confront new residents who need to obtain a citizenship in order to start a new life and integrate in a foreign country. The aim of this study is to follow up with existing r
One particular approach of behavioral economics has gained attention within environmental politics during the last decade. The idea of nudging (“gently pushing”) people in situations of decision-making towards the choice that in the long run is best for them as well as for the society and/or the environment seems to attract policy makers around the world. Many governments inside and outside the EU
We now have entered the Anthropocene. Humanity is the new geological force drastically changing the systems of the Earth. At least this is the story told by natural scientists. Social scientists are critical of this ‘natural’ narrative as it cannot deal with the social dimension of geological changes. This is problematic with regard to understanding the relation between social justice and ecologic
Att det i svensk rätt inte finns någon uttrycklig reglering gällande eutanasi behöver man inte lägga ner stor möda på för att få fram ett svar på. Men trots avsaknaden av gällande lagstiftning på eutanasiområdet är det ändå ett område som ger individen rättigheter att själv bestämma över sitt liv och hur det skall avslutas. Individen själv får ta sitt liv och man får även agera medhjälpare därtill
In the city of Malmö urban sustainability has been a front figure in municipality development strategies. Despite this, large shopping malls are approved by the municipality and sustain patterns of consumerism. This lead into the question of how the municipality is working for sustainability within consumption, and particularly within one of the worlds most polluting industries, the clothing indus
I denna uppsats undersöks begreppet tjänst och vad som utgör en tjänst tillhörande informationssamhället samt en tjänst på transportområdet. Utredningen görs med anledning av att en spansk domare fattat beslut om att inhämta ett förhandsavgörande där EU-domstolen ska undersöka huruvida tjänsten Uber utgör en tjänst tillhörande informationssamhället eller istället utgör ren transportverksamhet. FThe main purpose of this thesis is to examine the notion of services and consider what constitutes an information society service and a service in the transport sector. In a preliminary ruling, yet to be decided by the European Court of Justice, a Spanish judge has recently queried whether the service provided by Uber should be considered an “information society service” or merely a transport serv
Skatteflyktslagen har kritiserats för att vara så vagt utformad att den kan sägas sakna materiellt innehåll. Vid ett sådant synsätt har lagstiftaren genom införandet av skatteflyktslagen delegerat normgivningsmakt till rättstillämparen. Eftersom skatterätten är ett rättsområde där ett föreskriftskrav följer av regeringsformen skulle detta innebära att skatteflyktslagen är grundlagsstridig. Få förfThe law against tax evasion (lag (1995:575) mot skatteflykt) has been criticized for being so vague that it in fact lacks content. Should this be the case, the Swedish legislator has, through the law against tax evasion, delegated the legislative competence to the judges. According to the Swedish constitution, legislation is necessary for taxation to be lawful. Only the parliament has legislative
In this paper I examine the approaches taken by actors in Scania to improve power reliability and prevent outages. This means that I study what the relevant actors do in order to detect threats and vulnerabilities to the power supply. I also study the measures they take to reduce these risks and prevent outages. From that I draw a conclusion on their approach to the issue. To categorize the organi
Confronting ecological crises is leading many researchers and academics to take a renewed interest in the deep past. The archaeological and climatic record are posed as a source of lessons that can be brought to bear on current issues of sustainability. IHOPE, or Integrated History and Future of People on Earth, presents one such effort, a collaborative and inter-disciplinary project with aims to
Efter att entreprenadavtal ingåtts ges i regelverket om ÄTA-arbeten i AB 04 en omfattande möjlighet att förändra arbetets karaktär och omfattning för säkerställande av en fullgod färdig entreprenad. Detta särskiljer entreprenadavtalet från andra avtal men är en nödvändighet. Omförhandlingsinstitutet kompenserar för ändrade preferenser och yttre omständigheter som kan uppkomma under ett omfattande After a contract of construction is agreed upon the regulations regarding ÄTA-works in AB 04 provides comprehensive opportunities to change the nature and extent of work to ensure an adequate creation. This distinguishes constructive contracts from other agreements, but is a necessity to compensate for changes in developer preferences and external factors which can occur during an extensive and ti
In this report, the synthesis of iron borides has been studied. Iron and boron powders have been mixed in amounts corresponding to 50 at-% of each element. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has been used to observe any reactions taking place up to a temperature of 1550 °C at heating rates of 5, 10 and 10 K/min, both for pre-compacted Fe-B powder mixtures as well as loose powders. The results
De senaste 70 åren har regleringen avseende det personliga skadeståndsansvaret för styrelsen gentemot aktiebolaget i princip varit densamma. I takt med att samhället utvecklas ändras också förutsättningarna för aktiebolagen. Denna uppsats tar sikte på styrelseledamöters och den verkställande direktörens ansvar gentemot bolaget enligt 29 kap. 1 § 1p. Aktiebolagslagen (2005:551) (”ABL”), s.k. internFor the last 70 years the regulation of personal liability for damages regarding boards and CEO’s in their relation to their companies have not substantially changed in Swedish law. This thesis focuses on the accountability of board members and the CEO towards companies according to Chapter 29 1 § 1p. Companies Act (2055:551) (”ABL”), so-called internal liability for damages, (Sw: internt skadestå
Aktieteckning ska enligt ABL ske på en särskild teckningslista, och en aktieteckning som avviker från den föreskrivna formen är ogiltig. Löften att i framtiden teckna sig för aktier regleras däremot inte i lag. I rättsfallet NJA 1918 s. 394 ansågs ett löfte om aktieteckning vara oförbindande eftersom aktieteckningen inte gjorts på det i ABL föreskrivna viset. Med hänvisning till rättsfallet och föAccording to the Swedish Limited Companies Act, subscription for shares shall be made on a separate subscription list, and subscriptions deviating from the formal requirements are considered invalid. Promises to undertake subscription for shares are on the other hand not regulated by law. In the Swedish Supreme Court case NJA 1918 p. 394 the court ruled a promise of share subscription to be non-bi
Forskning har visat att ett konstant ökat materiellt välstånd inte är möjligt med hänsyn till jordens begränsade resurser, klimatförändringarna eller för att möjliggöra en hållbar utveckling. Uppsatsen undersöker förhållandet mellan den norm att aktiebolagsverksamhet ska syfta till att maximera avkastningen till aktieägarna och därigenom nyttan i samhället, mätt i materiellt välstånd, och behovet Research has demonstrated a causal link between the consistent growth in total human material wealth over the recent centuries and the consumption of the Earth's limited resources at the expense of the natural environment. For a multiplicity of reasons, it is now clear that it is no longer possible for capital accumulation and the rate of growth to continue at the rate it previously has if an
Considering small farming as a viable and optimal solution to achieve sustainability, the following work presents La Tabacca – a small farm in the Northwest of Italy – not as a generalisable model but as one of the many expressions of current environmentalism. After three and a half months of fieldwork – using the tool of critical ethnography – different layers and elements of the place have been
Vid entreprenadprojekt uppkommer ofta tvister rörande entreprenörens rätt till tidsförlängning och ersättning för merkostnader. Vid sådana tvister kan det vara svårt för entreprenören att visa vad som har orsakat den händelse som entreprenören menar ger rätt till tidsförlängning eller ersättning, och hur stort behovet av tidsförlängning eller merkostnader är. Dessa svårigheter har lett till utveckIn construction projects it often arise disputes concerning the contractor’s right to an extension of time and compensation for extra costs. In these disputes it can be challenging for the contractor to prove what has caused the effect that the contractor consider entitle to extension of time or compensation for extra costs, and how great the need for an extension of time or extra costs are. Such
