Inequality is ubiquitous in time and space. It is often measured simply as differences in incomes between various groups, but the phenomenon is more complex than so. Inequality is a many-faceted phenomenon that manifests itself in a number of ways. It shows up in a variety of contexts, for example gender, age, origin, ethnicity, disability, sexual orientation, class, religion and place. The presen

Traditional methods for measuring chemical exposure have challenges in terms of obtaining sufficient data; therefore, improved methods for better assessing occupational exposure are needed. One possible approach to mitigate these challenges is to use self-monitoring methods such as sensors, diaries, or biomarkers. In the present study, a self-monitored method for measuring soot exposure, which inc

Objective To elicit expert opinion and gain consensus on specific exercise intervention parameters to minimise hip bone mineral density (BMD) loss following traumatic lower limb amputation. Methods In three Delphi rounds, statements were presented to a panel of 13 experts from six countries. Experts were identified through publications or clinical expertise. Round 1 involved participants rating th

För samverkansforumet Intelligent Intelligence, baserat på Lunds universitet, lämnades en rapport om de viktigaste forskningsresultaten från deltagande i International Association för Intelligence Educators årliga europeiska konferens.

We study stochastic interaction network models whereby a finite population of agents, identified with the nodes of a graph, update their states in response to pairwise interactions with their neighbors as well as spontaneous mutations. These include the main epidemic models, such as the Susceptible-Infected -Susceptible, the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered, and the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered-Su

Background Impulse control disorders (ICDs) are known psychiatric conditions in Parkinson’s disease (PD), especially as a side effect of antiparkinsonian therapy. Screening for vulnerable patients and avoiding high-risk treatments can be an effective approach to reduce the ICD burden in patients with PD. Thus, our goal was to identify risk factors for ICDs in PD in the Swedish total population. Me

We study perturbations of non-recurrent parameters in the exponential family. It is shown that the set of such parameters has Lebesgue measure zero. This particularly implies that the set of escaping parameters has Lebesgue measure zero, which complements a result of Qiu from 1994. Moreover, we show that non-recurrent parameters can be approximated by hyperbolic ones.

Objectives While Mycoplasma genitalium is reported as a common rectal infection among men who have sex with men (MSM), published data refer predominantly to urethral infections. Currently, most guidelines recommend M. genitalium testing from urine in men with symptomatic, non-gonococcal urethritis. Macrolide resistance-associated mutations (MRMs) among M. genitalium have increased during the last

This chapter reviews polarization vision in diverse crustaceans with a specific focus on work completed since the 2014 edition of this book. Almost all crustaceans are sensitive to the planar polarization of light. They commonly possess two channels of orthogonally arranged photoreceptors with intrinsically polarization-sensitive ordered microvilli. These two channels are compared to impart linear

A clear understanding of the mechanisms governing the growth of nanowires is crucial to achieving control over their structures and properties. Here, we employ molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate several important phenomena in Au-catalyzed Si nanowires (SiNWs) grown via the vapor–liquid–solid method. MD simulation serves as a complementary tool for uncovering the mechanisms of nanow

Objective People with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have substantial palliative care needs, but uncertainty exists around appropriate identification of patients for palliative care referral. We conducted a Delphi study of international experts to identify consensus referral criteria for specialist outpatient palliative care for people with COPD. Methods Clinicians in the fi

Shadi Hamid proposes “democratic minimalism” as a system and means of governing and rotating power with no prejudice to substantive ideological outcomes. Democratic minimalism is meant to decouple the question of actualizing an ideal society, even a liberal one that provides maximum freedom for the maximum groups of people, from the mechanism of transferring power between groups with opposing beli

The crucial role of aerobic energy production in sustaining eukaryotic life positions mitochondrial processes as key determinants of an animal's ability to withstand unpredictable environments. The advent of new techniques facilitating the measurement of mitochondrial function offers an increasingly promising tool for conservation approaches. Herein, we synthesize the current knowledge on the link

The central complex (CX), a remarkable brain region at the core of insect behaviors, has been the subject of extensive research for decades. In this review, we offer a comprehensive historical perspective on the anatomy, development, and function of the CX. The CX consists of discrete and highly structured neuropils found at the center of the brain, which are conserved across insects and arthropod

We have previously proposed and evaluated acoustophoresis for the enrichment of circulating tumor cells (CTC) and clusters thereof from the blood of patients with prostate cancer [1]. In that protocol, the cells were fixed and preserved in paraformaldehyde before processing and were thus non-viable. To enable future enrichment of also viable CTCs from patients, we have in this study investigated t

We recently introduced the concept of thermoacoustic streaming in microchannels wherein a thermal field is generated inside an acoustic cavity. The result is a fast and controllable streaming for which the thermal energy is provided either by an LED light source [1], or a laser [2]. While in previous works we have measured this effect at steady state, we now present measurements of the build-up an

Diverse forest landscapes contribute to reaching various forest policy goals. Understanding how the diversity of forests in a landscape is distributed among forest properties and how it is related to biogeographical and ownership factors can be helpful for effective policy implementation. We created a forest characteristics-based typology of non-industrial private forest properties aiming to captu

Objective: Speed-securing measures are intended to, as the name suggests, to secure that the speeds of road users do not exceed the safe speed for a given type of environment. The purpose of this study was to make an evaluation of existing speed-securing measures on rural roads in Sweden to see how well they manage to limit the speed. Methods and data: A total of 34 unique locations have been film