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A bench-scale unit for the development of an enzymatic process for the bioconversion of lignocellulosics to ethanol has been used to study the recycling of waste-water streams to minimize fresh-water requirements and reduce effluent streams. Willow, after impregnation with sulphur dioxide, was steam-pretreated, enzymatically hydrolysed, and the sugars produced were fermented using S. cerevisiae. T

Bisphosphonates bind to bone surfaces and inactivate osteoclasts when they start to resorb the bone. Therefore, immersion of a bone graft in a bisphosphonate solution before implantation may protect it from resorption. We implanted frozen cancellous; bone allografts; into bilateral bone chambers for 6 weeks in 10 rats. One graft in each pair had been immersed in an alendronate solution (1 mg/mL) f

Wheelchair-seated passengers on European and Swedish urban transit buses can travel rearwards, resting against a bulkhead, without the use of tiedown equipment. However, users sometimes disapprove of being the only passengers who have to travel rearwards, and also unrestrained. In order to investigate comfort and safety as perceived by wheelchair-seated bus passengers riding either forwards or rea

Popular Abstract in Swedish Syftet med avhandlingen är att belysa det kvinnliga initiativet i den samhällsutveckling som accelererade kring slutet av 1800-talet och så småningom kom att leda fram till det moderna, demokratiska s k välfärdssamhället. Metoden är att i en livsverksbiografi lyfta fram en av tidens aktörer, nämligen professorskan Agda Montelius. Hon kan ses som en representant dels förThe purpose of this thesis is to shed light on the role of female initiative in the accelerating social developments of the late nineteenth century that were eventually to result in Sweden’s modern, democratic welfare state. The method is a biographical study that highlights one of the leading figures of the day, Agda Montelius. She may be seen as representative not only of those middle and upper

The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and. Nutrition (EPIC) is an ongoing multi-centre prospective cohort study designed to investigate the relationship between nutrition and cancer, with the potential for studying other diseases as well. The study currently includes 519 978 participants (366 521 women and 153457 men, mostly aged 35-70 years) in 23 centres located in 10 European count

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen behandlar olika tekniker för regnvatteninsamling i Tunisien och dessas effekt på lokala vattenbalanser och erosion. Tabias, terrassering och småskaliga dammar undersöks. Relevanta hydrologiska processer observeras och modelleras med olika typer av modeller.The thesis investigates hydrological effects of large-scale water harvesting techniques on local water balances as well as sediment erosion. The techniques of tabias, soil contour ridges and small hill reservoirs are investigated. Pertinent processes are observed and simulated using various hydrological models.

This report demonstrates that in vitro activation of murine spleen cells with interleukin-2 (IL-2) or the bacterial superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) results in different patterns of activation and function of cytotoxic cells. Lymphokine-activated killer activity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) are mainly mediated by IL-2 activated natural killer (NK) cells. SEA i

Most nitrogen and phosphorus transported by world rivers to the oceans is associated with dissolved organic matter. However, organic matter as a potential source of N and P has hitherto been largely neglected in studies of coastal microbial food webs. We examined 50 rivers, draining a major part of the Baltic Sea watershed, with respect to summer concentrations, chemical composition, and biologica

The solvent extraction of phosphoric, hydrochloric, sulphuric, hydrofluosilicic and hydrofluoric acids with long-chain aliphatic amins is modelled. Pure acid equilibria are based on existing isotherms or calculated extraction constants when only experimental data are available. For binary mixtures binary combinations of acid complexes are added. In the aqueous phase Bromley's model for electrolyte

The article is an auto-ethnographical account of the practice law in the mundane everyday life at Lund District Court, Sweden. The focus is on the spatial and organizational every day conditions of practicing law in the office space. It researches the practice of law, in the office part of the court, as a human practice in a constant call between de-contamination from personal identity and a re-ca

The aim of this study was to assess possible early determinants of idiopathic environmental intolerance (IEI), contributing to an integrated model for the development of IEI. Questionnaires concerning personality traits, current mental distress, subjective health complaints, work load and satisfaction, and options for recovery, were given to 84 persons from the general population attributing annoy

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen omfattar fyra artiklar inom empirisk finansiell ekonomi. Det första kapitlet är en kort sammanfattning av avhandlingens innehåll. Det andra kapitlet, Dynamic Portfolio Selection: The Relevance of Switching Regimes and Investment Horizon. (samförfattad med Birger Nilsson) undersöker dynamiskt portföljval och efterfrågan på tidsdiversifiering då aktieavkastnThis thesis consists of four empirical studies on financial economics. The first chapter contains a short summary of the thesis. The second chapter Dynamic Portfolio Selection: The Relevance of Switching Regimes and Investment Horizon (co-authored with Birger Nilsson) investigates the questions of dynamic portfolio selection and intertemporal hedging within a Markovian regime-switching framework.

We have monitored the composition of supported phospholipid bilayers during phospholipase A(2) hydrolysis using specular neutron reflection and ellipsometry. Porcine pancreatic PLA(2) shows along lag phase of several hours during which the enzyme binds to the bilayer surface, but only 5 +/- 3% of the lipids react before the onset of rapid hydrolysis. The amount of PLA(2), which resides in a 21 +/-

It is demonstrated that photographic images of plants can be produced in the absence of external illumination using an image intensifier. The image is produced by the weak delayed light emission (afterglow) from photosynthetically active chloroplasts. The use of such phytoluminographs is proposed for the study and diagnosis at an early stage of disturbances due to parasites, mineral deficiency, he

PHENIX has measured the centrality dependence of midrapidity pion, kaon, and proton transverse momentum distributions in d+Au and p+p collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. The p+p data provide a reference for nuclear effects in d+Au and previously measured Au+Au collisions. Hadron production is enhanced in d+Au, relative to independent nucleon-nucleon scattering, as was observed in lower energy coll

Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by exercise and metformin is beneficial for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. We recently found that, in cultured cells, the LKB1 tumor suppressor protein kinase activates AMPK in response to the metformin analog phenformin and the AMP mimetic drug 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR). We have also reported that LKB1 activ