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Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is shaped by a complex tumor immune microenvironment in which inflammatory mediators like cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and immune checkpoints such as programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) play central regulatory roles. However, the prognostic significance of these makers, individually and in combination with T-cell infiltration, remains poorly defined.Methods: We i

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: Primary objective To evaluate the benefits and harms of intratracheal instillation of corticosteroids combined with surfactant versus surfactant alone for the preventing chronic lung disease in preterm infants. Secondary objective To identify equity issues that may be associated with the implementation, uptake,

Background: Psychological resilience refers to a person's positive adaptation when faced with adversities, such as a breast cancer (BC) diagnosis. Highly resilient patients are more likely to regain stability and be protected from health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder. We aimed to identify epigenetic markers that distinguish high- and low-resilient patien

Geomagnetic field models constrained by direct observations extend back some 400 years and the magnitude of decadal to centennial variations that they display is often assumed to be typical of the secular variation over longer timescales. Here we present archaeomagnetic directions from layered Neolithic hearths in Orkney, dating to around 3000 BCE, that challenge this assumption. Combining stratig

Each year as the seasons turn, the skies fill with millions of travellers. From the tundra to the tropics, birds embark on remarkable journeys guided by an innate programme and perform one of nature’s most remarkable phenomena: migration. In this thesis, I tackle the study of the genetic basis of migratory behaviour in several Phylloscopus species with a multimodal approach. Here, I combine geoloc

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, yet clinical tools for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment remain limited, and molecular profiling of histotypes is lacking. Here, we leverage proteomic data to further stratify four main EOC histotypes, borderline (BL) and benign (B) tumors, and identify candidate prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. Using proteomic data

Hair analysis has been used in the past as a method to explore environmental exposure to chemicals, toxins or drug ingestion, with wide applications in forensic science, environmental studies, anthropology and medicine. Although not a conventional sample type, hair offers significant advantages over traditional biospecimens, such as blood or urine. These include its stability, non-invasive nature

Introduction: This study focused on characterizing the phase transition behavior in water of thermoresponsive cationic diblock copolymers comprised of a cationic and a non-ionic block. Background: Thermoresponsive polymers, especially block copolymers, have long been of interest to researchers within the field of drug delivery systems. However, more research into their phase transition behavior i

Purpose: The sugar industry is always pressured to be suitable and enhance its operational effectiveness. Digital Twin (DT) has the potential to transform this industry. However, the lack of industry-specific Key Performance Indicator (KPI) frameworks makes it challenging to implement them. This study provides a hierarchical KPI model for DT adoption in the sugar sector, interconnecting the United

PurposeIn the age of digital businesses, the rise of innovative digital transformation has made supply chain transparency (SCT) an essential research topic. While digital technologies provide possibilities for enhancing transparency in supply chains, there is limited research on how digital businesses overcome different SCT issues or provide real-time visibility and traceability. This study aims t

Connections between proof complexity and circuit complexity have become major tools for obtaining lower bounds in both areas. These connections – which take the form of interpolation theorems and query-to-communication lifting theorems – translate efficient proofs into small circuits, and vice versa, allowing tools from one area to be applied to the other. Recently, the theory of TFNP has emerged

In recent years, Collaborative Robots (Cobots) have gained traction. It is categorized as a special type of robot that is capable of working safely alongside humans. Cobots are used in a variety of industrial applications, including assembling, manufacturing, quality inspection, and packaging products. Cobots use smart technologies to work alongside humans, making work easier and more efficient. T

This paper presents NMCu-CNN, a near-memory computing (NMC) co-processor for the hardware acceleration of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on a low-power, flexible MCU platform. The scalable architecture and the selected platform enable adaptability to the rapidly evolving Edge AIoT landscape, where energy and performance requirements are constrained. Application-tailored NMC units, equipped w

Habitat area, forest characteristics, management practices and protected areas have the potential to profoundly impact biodiversity. This is particularly true for specialist species linked to structural complexity and old forest, like the lesser spotted woodpecker (Dryobates minor). This study examines how habitat quality and quantity influence the occurrence of this Near-Threatened species across

Compact automated warehouse solutions are a challenge for conventional fire protection systems, such as sprinklers. As an option to sprinkler systems some warehouses employ an Oxygen Reduction System (ORS). When designing an ORS, the most important parameter is the limiting oxygen concentration (LOC). The level of protection attained is directly proportional to the oxygen level applied, which is a

In liquid-liquid chromatography (LLC), components of a mixture are separated due to their different distribution between the phases of a biphasic liquid system composed of two or more solvents. In this work, for the first time, we combine a chromatography model with a liquid-liquid equilibria thermodynamic model to simulate the propagation of the solute and the solvents along the LLC column. The m

Objectives: Our aim was to compare direct costs for single pill combinations (SPCs) and free-drug combinations for hypertension treatment. Methods: We focused on Australia as a case study and reviewed total costs, and for the patient and government. We reviewed the Australian “Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme item drug map” considering different thresholds for the government safety net. Total costs