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För att kunna jämföra värdering av onoterade bolag med marknadsvärden värderas 38 st bolag strax efter att de noterats. Vi antar att värdering strax efter notering är en god approximation av värden för bolag strax före notering. Relativ värdering med P/E-, P/B- och P/S-multiplarna används för bolag i fastighets- och läkemedelsbranschen. Vid värdering av fastighetsbolag med P/B-multipeln är det sta38 firms have been valued soon after they have gone public to be able to be compared with market values. We assume that valuation soon after going public is a good approximation of value of firms just before going public. Relative valuation using P/E, P/B and P/S multiples are being used on firms in the real estate and pharmaceutical industries. Valuing real estate firms with the P/B multiple lead

Mining bauxite and producing aluminium causes severe sustainability challenges. Although the usage of these non-renewable resource is inherently unsustainable, the global economy fosters an increased use of supposed “eco-friendly” aluminium. German industry is an important user of aluminium and a key player in the aluminium industry. The production of aluminium causes many sustainability challenge

Issue of study: The thesis studies the optimization of sales in fashion retail by integrating multichannels. The multichannel integration relates to reallocation of articles between brick and mortar store warehouses and online warehouses. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to investigate how increased multichannel integration, in terms of reallocating articles between online store warehouse

This paper was carried out to find out if using existing risk and vulnerability-analysis can find centers of gravity (COG) and what consequences this could contribute with. Existing risk and vulnerability-analysis from Lund, Stockholm and Gotland was studied. By applying a COG-model, inspired by Eikmeiers theories, on these riskanalysis the result was that it is possible to find COG. Depending on

In recent years, land acquisition has escalated due to increased global demand for food and fuel driven by population growth, urbanisation, and growing energy demand. Mozambique is ranked as one of the world’s top 10 countries with available land for agriculture, forestry and livestock production. Low labour costs and land taxes may further increase the interest in Mozambican land. In particular,

Viral marknadsföring är en metod som använder konsumenter som en marknadsföringskraft för att sprida budskap i sociala nätverk, likt ett virus. Utmaningen med viral marknadsföring är att förstå hur metoden fungerar. Vi menar att tidigare forskning mest fokuserat på innehållet av materialet snarare än de som faktiskt delar dem. Syftet med denna studie är att erhålla djupare kunskap och förståelse aViral marketing is a technique employing consumers as a market force to spread messages in social networks, almost like a virus. The challenge with viral marketing is knowing how it works. We argue that previous research has focused too much on the content of the messages, rather the ones who actually share them. The purpose of this study is to gain deeper insights into viral marketing from a cons

Authors: Jonathan Eng Stensson and Mattias Wessman Supervisors: Charlotta Johnsson, Associate Professor, Department of Automatic Control, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University Stein Kleppestø, Associate Professor, Department of Business Administration, Lund University Johan Sjöberg, Innovation Program Manager, Ericsson, Stockholm Kristoffer Gronowski, Principal Researcher, Ericsson, Silicon Val

Då extraarbete tycks allt vanligare bland studenter var syftet med den här studien att undersöka varför studenter extraarbetar och om heltidsstudenter skiljer sig åt i avseende på deras självskattade mentala hälsa beroende på om de extraarbetar eller inte. Vidare var avsikten att undersöka om heltidsstudenter som extraarbetar bedömde sin mentala hälsa som bättre om de samtidigt uppvisade en högre Since working extra amongst university students seem more common today the purpose of this study was to examine the rationales for doing so, and whether or not full time students differ in aspects of their self rated mental health depending on whether or not they engage in extra work outside school. In addition we examined whether student that worked extra and if that was associated with higher le

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka om allvarligheten av fysiskt eller psykiskt våld i nära relationer bedömdes olika, beroende på om våldet var självupplevt eller kommunicerat. Även genusaspekter togs i beaktning i studien. Studien genomfördes i form av två enkätundersökningar, där medverkande i den första studien var deltagare som var eller hade varit i en relation som varat under minst seThe purpose of this study was to examine whether the severity of physical or psychological intimate partner violence was assessed differently, depending on whether the violence is self-experienced or communicated. Gender aspects were also considered in the study. The study was conducted in two stages, in which participants in the first study was or had been in a relationship that lasted for at lea

In order to systematize and rationalize the quality control process for FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) input data a software application for this specific purpose has been developed. In order to study the occurrence of user related errors in FDS input data and the possibility of reducing such errors by using the developed application, a case study on archived FDS input data from actual building pro

This study examines the relationship between the time-on-the-market and the price of apartments on the housing market in Moscow. It is based on a data set including over 10 000 property objects during the time period January 2012 - October 2014. Only secondary proper-ty is considered. The problem of right-censoring is present in the sample, which means that it is not possible to use the duration d

Forskningsområdet kring employer branding har vuxit till ett nyckelområde inom strategisk kommunikation. Forskningen har varit otillräcklig när det gäller att studera det praktiska arbetet med employer branding i relation till offentlig och privat sektor. Denna uppsats syftar till att analysera vilka budskap organisationer väljer att kommunicera och hur de använder utförandestrategier som employerThe field of employer branding has grown from attracting little interest into a key subject within strategic communication. The research is fairly inadequate when it comes to studying the practical work of employer branding in the context of the public and private sectors. This paper aims to analyse what messages organizations choose to communicate and how they use strategies such as employer bran

I dagens globaliserade värld kan en dissonans uppstå i konsumentens uppfattning av multinat-ionella varumärken när varumärkena upplevs härröra ur flera nationella ursprung som står för olika marknadskommunikativa värden. Denna studie ämnar undersöka hur denna dissonans kan överbryggas genom användandet av myter i varumärkens marknadskommunikation gentemot den gestaltade befolkningen. Genom detta pIn today's globalized society, a dissonance may occur in the consumer's perception of multi-national brands if the brands are perceived to be associated to a multitude of national origins that represents contradictory market values. This study intends to examine how this disso-nance may be coped with through the use of myths in the brand's marketing toward the por-trayed population. Th

Medierapporteringen som rullade igång under juni 2013 gällande amerikansk underrättelseverksamhet riktad mot allierade, chockerade många. Det visade sig att långvariga alliansmedlemmar bedrev underrättelseverksamhet riktad mot varandra. Mediernas rapportering pekade på att de amerikanska underrättelsetjänsterna, NSA och CIA, hade spionerat på Tyskland. Detta är en teorianvändande fallstudie av spThe media reports that began in June 2013 concerning US intelligence activities directed against the allies shocked many. It was found that longstanding alliance members conducted intelligence activities against each other. According to these reports, the US intelligence agencies (NSA and CIA) have been spying on Germany. This is a theory-consuming case study about espionage on allies, more speci

Problem Formulation: The return on invest and value of a business incubator is usually calculated through financial figures from the incubators alumni companies. However, an incubator does not coach companies; it coaches people. Thereby it would be more interesting to measure value of the persons, the alumni entrepreneurs, who went through the incubation program. Purpose: Explore how an incubator

The following report contains a fire safety evaluation of Högsboanstalten in Gothenburg. The purpose of this report is to analyse different fire scenarios to see if the chosen building can be evacuated safely in case of fire. This is done by comparing total evacuation time with the time until critical conditions have been reached. When critical conditions occur, safe evacuation can no longer be gu

The Khumbu region of northeast Nepal has experienced dramatic socio-economic change along with the rise of tourism. The mountainous villages have developed and abandoned traditional lifestyles as tourists from all over the world come to experience the dramatic scenery of the Himalayas and ascent its peaks. The mountaineering industry thrives and does provide employment for the local inhabitants. H

Human right is an area of law under constant development. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse whether there is a conflict between the EU’s presumption of liability of parental companies owing 100 percent of its subsidiary and the company’s human rights to a fair trial under the European Convention of Human Rights Article 6. Both bodies of law are involved when considering a conflict between

Due to the recent debate about income inequality, the need to find its determinants has never been more important. Economic integration has recently entered the discussion as one possible force for inequality. By looking at the eastern enlargement of the European Union (EU) as an example of economic integration I am able to analyze the relationship between economic integration and within-country i