The search for new treatments for seizures, epilepsies, and their comorbidities faces considerable challenges. This is due in part to gaps in our understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of most forms of epilepsy. An additional challenge is the difficulty in predicting the efficacy, tolerability, and impact of potential new treatments on epilepsies and comorbidities in humans, using the a

Clinical use of allografts of fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue as a treatment to replace dopaminergic neurons in patients with Parkinson's disease was first done more than 20 years ago. Since then, many patients have received transplants, with variable results. During this time, our knowledge of Parkinson's disease has changed and the nature and extent of problems associated with the disorder ha

Understanding the molecular programs of the generation of human dopaminergic neurons (DAn) from their ventral mesencephalic (VM) precursors is of key importance for basic studies, progress in cell therapy, drug screening and pharmacology in the context of Parkinson's disease. The nature of human DAn precursors in vitro is poorly understood, their properties unstable, and their availability highly

Background Cancer is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic diseases, but data on the association between prostate cancer and thromboembolic diseases are scarce. We investigated the risk of thromboembolic disease in men with prostate cancer who were receiving endocrine treatment, curative treatment, or surveillance. Methods We analysed data from PCBaSe Sweden, a database based on the

To investigate the genetic cause and perform a comprehensive clinical analysis of a Danish family with autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy. To investigate whether Bestrophin may be expressed in normal human retina.

Purpose: In addition to genomic signaling, it is accepted that estrogen receptor-alpha (ER alpha) has nonnuclear signaling functions, which correlate with tamoxifen resistance in preclinical models. However, evidence for cytoplasmic ER localization in human breast tumors is less established. We sought to determine the presence and implications of nonnuclear ER in clinical specimens. Experimental D

Introduction: We studied the release of propranolol hydrochloride (PHCl), a water-soluble amphiphilic drug, from monoolein (MO)/water and phytantriol/water systems. Methods: We related the dissolution profiles with phase behavior and viscosity of the different liquid crystalline phases. Diolein has been added aiming to stabilize the cubic phases and thus preventing formation of less viscous (lamel

Abstract Conclusion: Risk factors associated with increased carriage rates are the same in children with recurrent acute otitis media (rAOM) as in healthy children. These are also known to be risk factors for the development of AOM itself. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe risk factors for nasopharyngeal carriage in a cohort of young children at high risk of developing rAOM. Method

Purpose: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) improve behavior and form neurons after implantation into the stroke-injured adult rodent brain. How the aged brain responds to grafted iPSCs is unknown. We determined survival and differentiation of grafted human fibroblast-derived iPSCs and their ability to improve recovery in aged rats after stroke. Methods: Twenty-four months old rats were subjec

Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide dating in combination with detailed landform mapping in the Kongsf-jordhallet area, NW Svalbard, have provided new insight on configuration, dynamics, and deglaciation of the Late Weichselian Kongsfjorden ice stream. The minimum Late Weichselian ice surface elevation in Kongsfjorden was >449 m a.s.l. indicating considerably thicker ice and a steeper surface gradient

Investigate in a cross-sectional study time-dependent changes of synovial fluid type II collagen epitope C2C concentrations after knee injury and correlate to other joint injury biomarkers.

Context: Postprandial glucose homeostasis is regulated through the secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) through stimulation of insulin secretion and inhibition of glucagon secretion. However, how these processes dynamically adapt to demands created by caloric challenges achieved during daily life is not known. Objective: To explore adaptation of incretin and islet hormones after mixed meal

Solar energy conversion in photovoltaics or photocatalysis involves light harvesting, or sensitization, of a semiconductor or catalyst as a first step. Rare elements are frequently used for this purpose, but they are obviously not ideal for large-scale implementation. Great efforts have been made to replace the widely used ruthenium with more abundant analogues like iron, but without much success

Although parasites are important regulatory factors in animal populations, basic knowledge on their fauna in many vertebrate taxa is lacking. In particular, parasite infections of primate species have gained little attention. Here, I present data on the gastro-intestinal fauna of a population of wild red-fronted lemurs (Eulemur fulvus rufus; Primates: Lemuriformes) monitored over a total of 8 mo d

Background: Patients with ostium secundum atrial septal defects (ASDs) were studied to determine the prevalence of Selvester anteroseptal myocardial infarction QRS points, and to test the hypothesis that there is a relationship between these criteria and thinning and/or scarring of the inter-ventricular septum (IVS). Methods: Demographic, electrocardiographic (ECG), and cardiac magnetic resonance

Protein dynamics on the microsecond-millisecond time scales often play a critical role in biological function. NMR relaxation dispersion experiments are powerful approaches for investigating biologically relevant dynamics with site-specific resolution, as shown by a growing number of publications on enzyme catalysis, protein folding, ligand binding, and allostery. To date, the majority of studies

Achieving control of the crystal structure is essential in III-V nanowires, since twin defects, stacking faults and uncontrolled zincblende-wurtzite polytypism could have detrimental effects on the physical properties. In addition, precise control of the crystal phases also opens up the possibility of homomaterial bandgap engineering. Here, we show by ex situ chemical analysis of the alloy seed pa

The release of lactose (hydrophilic) from polymer tablets made with hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid) (HMPAA) have been studied and compared it to the release of ibuprofen, a hydrophobic active substance. Lactose is one of the most used excipients for tablets, but lactose release has not been widely studied. One reason could be a lack of good analytical tools. A novel biosensor with cell