This article is contributing to the future of copyright law debate by exploring the recently harmonised originality standard in the EU copyright law and its suitability to a creative sharing community of Wikipedia. It shows that the “free creative choices” and “author’s personal” touch criteria established by the CJEU might be unsuitable not only because of practical concerns, but also because the

Background: Early brain activity is associated with long-term outcome. Establishing a relation also with postnatal brain growth may increase our understanding of early life influences on preterm brain development. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether early electroencephalography (EEG) activity in infants born very preterm is associated with brain volumes at term, and whethe

De flesta vattenlevande organismer på Jorden lever i en miljö där de samtidigt måste hantera flera olika hot och stressituationer, såsom t.ex. predation, klimatförändringar och brunifiering. Trots relativt god kunskap om varje stressfaktor för sig, vet man förvånansvärt lite om hur synergier av samtidigt förekommande hot påverkar organismer. Därför har jag i min avhandling undersökt hur predation,Most organisms on Earth live in an environment where they are exposed to multiple pressures, including predation and climate change. In many aquatic ecosystems, organisms have to handle additional challenges such as brownification, co-occurring with climate warming. Despite the growing recognition of impacts of climate warming or brownification on the freshwater communities, little is known on how

Objectives: Cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and can have serious impact on social and occupational functioning. Natalizumab reduces relapse rates, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions, and progression of disability. Previous studies on cognitive functioning have not based inclusion on cognitive performance criteria. The aim of the present study was to determine any po

Purpose: The superior soft tissue contrast of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared to computed tomography (CT) has urged the integration of MRI and elimination of CT in radiotherapy treatment (RT) for prostate. An intraprostatic gold fiducial marker (GFM) appears hyperintense on CT. On T2-weighted (T2w) MRI target delineation images, the GFM appear as a small signal void similar to calcificat

Obesity is an established independent risk factor for developing hypertension. A recent study showed that the effect of obesity on hypertension varies by the elevation of the residence area. Thus, we hypothesized that the interaction effect of body mass index (BMI) and elevation has a significant association with hypertension. The first aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine whether BMI

Background: Little evidence is available on how public transport features can impact on older people's health. The overarching aim of this paper is to evaluate socio-demographic, health and mobility-related factors correlated with health-related quality of life among people aged between 75 to 90 years old in three Swedish Municipalities. Methods: Within the SEBEM study, a cross-sectional survey us

The aim was to investigate whether secular trends in sickness absence (SA) were present in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) receiving their diagnosis between 2002 and 2011. A repeated cross-sectional study design was used. Patients were identified in the Skåne Healthcare Register (SHR). A washout period of 18 months was applied. The general population seeking

Kapitlet innehåller en genomgång, framförallt utifrån ett förmögenhetsrättsligt perspektiv, av olika aktuella frågor inom den moderna affärsrätten. Utgångspunkten för kapitlet är att den nya ekonomin kräver nya spelregler men att affärsrätten också ska värna bestående rättsstatliga värden som rättvisa, förutsebarhet och rättssäkerhet. Det behandlar allmänna principer, etiken i affärsrätten och säg

Coexistence between humans and wildlife faces challenges for wildlife as well as human wellbeing and livelihoods. Learning, development, and transformative change in the adaptive use of management interventions across cultures and species are highly needed. This calls for thorough evaluation of interventions on both ecological and human dimensions parameters. Existing evaluations of management int

Streptococcus suis is an important meningitis-causing pathogen in pigs and humans. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been identified as host defense mechanism against different pathogens. Here, NETs were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of S. suis-infected piglets despite the presence of active nucleases. To study NET-formation and NET-degradation after transmigration of S. suis

NETs (neutrophil extracellular traps) have been described as a fundamental innate immune defence mechanism. During formation of NETs, the nuclear membrane is disrupted by an as-yet unknown mechanism. In the present study we investigated the role of human cathelicidin LL-37 in nuclear membrane disruption and formation of NETs. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that 5 μM LL-37 significantly fac

MOTIVATION: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are believed to be essential in controlling several bacterial pathogens. Quantification of NETs in vitro is an important tool in studies aiming to clarify the biological and chemical factors contributing to NET production, stabilization and degradation. This estimation can be performed on the basis of fluorescent microscopy images using appropriate

Streptococcus suis is an important cause of different pathologies in pigs and humans, most importantly fibrinosuppurative meningitis. Tissue infected with this pathogen is substantially infiltrated with neutrophils, but the function of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) - a more recently discovered antimicrobial strategy of neutrophils - in host defence against Strep. suis has not been investig

The porcine and human pathogen Streptococcus suis induces and degrades neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in vitro. In this study, we investigated the working hypothesis that NET degradation is mediated not only by the known secreted S. suis nuclease A (SsnA) but also by a so-far undescribed putative endonuclease A of S. suis (designated EndAsuis) homologous to the pneumococcal endonuclease A (

Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation is described as a tool of the innate host defence to fight against invading pathogens. Fibre-like DNA structures associated with proteins such as histones, cell-specific enzymes and antimicrobial peptides are released, thereby entrapping invading pathogens. It has been reported that several bacteria are able to degrade NETs by nucleases and thus evade

The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism has been shown to be the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of cholesterol in the formation of NETs. To this end, primary human neutrophils were treated with different concentrations of methy-β-cyclodetxrin (MβCD) to reduce chole