Phylogeny of Holocacista capensis (Lepidoptera: Heliozelidae) from Vineyards and Natural Forests in South Africa Inferred from Mitochondrial and Nuclear Genes
In South Africa, the family Heliozelidae in the order Lepidoptera is restricted to four known species. The grapevine leaf miner, Holocacista capensis, feeds between the epidermal layers of a grapevine leaf, predominantly along the leaf margin. A final instar larva will descend from the blotch mine/gallery to attach its cocoon casing (constructed from the epidermal layers of the mined gallery) to a