In this study a set of structures has been simulated to represent a range of clinically relevant breast cancer mammographic lesions including solid tumours and microcalcifications. All structures have been created using simple random-based mathematical functions and have been inserted into a subset of digital mammography images at appropriate contrast levels into various regions of the breast, inc

The binding of SDS to cellulose polymers in the semidilute concentration regime has been studied by means of NMR, ion-selective electrode, and a time-resolved fluorescence technique. Two polymers have been used, differing only in a low degree of hydrophobic modification of one of them. NMR self-diffusion and activity measurements show that the binding of SDS to the nonmodified polymer has a fairly

OBJECTIVE: Nitric oxide (NO) and oxygen free radicals are implicated in the pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Peroxynitrite formation from NO and superoxide contributes to secondary neuronal injury but the neuroprotective effects of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-inhibitors have been contradictory. This study was undertaken to examine whether PTtic administration of the (NOS)-inhibitor

This article outlines an experimental and numerical study of self-desiccation and chemical shrinkage in Portland cement mortars, with or without silica fume. For this purpose 9 different cement mortars were cast in 90 pycnometers (study of chemical shrinkage and hydration) or 180 glass flasks (study of self-desiccation and hydration). Chemical shrinkage was observed for 14 days and self-desiccatio

BACKGROUND: In experimentally induced myocardial infarction, mild hypothermia (33-35 degrees C) is beneficial if applied prior to ischemia or reperfusion. Hypothermia, when applied after reperfusion seems to confer little or no benefit. The mechanism by which hypothermia exerts its cell-protective effect during cardiac ischemia remains unclear. It has been hypothesized that hypothermia reduces the

After obtaining informed consent, we randomized 78 patients with severe hemiparesis of the left or right side within 10 days of stroke onset: 40 to a control group receiving daily physiotherapy and occupational therapy, and 38 to a group that, in addition, we treated with sensory stimulation (acupuncture) twice a week for 10 weeks. The median age was 76 years for both groups. Motor function, balan

The heat produced by the metabolism of a mould fungus (Penicillium brevicompactum) growing on softwood was measured by isothermal calorimetry under different relative humidity (RH) levels during desorption (from 95% to 65% RH) and absorption (from 65% to 95% RH). The humidification method was successful and it was possible to decrease and increase the relative humidity and moisture content in smal

The PHENIX experiment at RHIC has observed a large enhancement of baryon and anti-baryon production at p(T) approximate to 2-5 GeV/c, compared to expectations from jet fragmentation. While a number of theoretical interpretations of the data are available, there is not yet a definitive answer to the "baryon puzzle". We investigate the centrality dependence of phi-meson production at mid-rapidity in

The cycle of waterborne methylmercury (meHg) in Little Rock Lake is characterized by a period of accumulation during summertime (when the lake is warm and open to the atmosphere) and a period of decline during winter (when the lake is scaled by ice). We followed this cycle for 16 yr. during which time the lake was acidified with H,SO., and then allowed to recover naturally as part of a long-term f

The influence of the Bay of Bothnia sea level on the water stages in a series of interconnected lakes near the city of Lulea in Sweden is studied. Future conditions as a consequence of land elevation and channel improvements are simulated using a mathematical model. It is found that due to landlift the lake system will be divided into two lake systems. The upper lakes will turn to true lakes exper

A survey of the theory of propagation of transient transverse electromagnetic waves in temporally dispersive, bi-isotropic slabs is given, and a novel wave splitting, which completely separates right-going and left-going waves in the dispersive medium, is proposed. The new approach leads to a simple scattering relation in terms of wave propagators and single-interface scattering operators only. Th

Many bird species host several lineages of apicomplexan blood parasites (Protista spp., Haemosporida spp.), some of which are shared across different host species. To understand such complex systems, it is essential to consider the fact that different lineages, species, and families of parasites can occur in the same population, as well as in the same individual bird, and that these parasites may

With increasing age, human skeletal muscles gradually decrease in volume, mainly due to a reduced number of motor units and muscle fibers, and a reduced size of type 2 fibers. As a result, progressive weakening and impaired mobility occur. High-resistance strength training is beneficial, even in the very old, and could possibly reverse some of the detrimental effects of age-related weakness. The i