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We have studied nucleation and crystal growth of calcium carbonate on hard surfaces, i.e. stainless steel and silica, at different temperatures, in relation to the corresponding bulk processes, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and ellipsometry. In the bulk solution, a mixture of all three calcium carbonate crystalline polymorphs, calcite, aragonite, and vaterite,

This paper introduces a two-dimensional extension of the well established Rietveld refinement method for modeling neutron time-of-flight powder diffraction data. The novel approach takes into account the variation of two parameters, diffraction angle 2θ and wavelength λ, to optimally adapt to the varying resolution function in diffraction experiments. By doing so, the refinement against angular- a

Little is known about perioperative microcirculatory changes during major abdominal surgery, and the main objectives of this study were to evaluate perioperative microcirculatory alterations in this setting, and if changes in microcirculatory parameters are associated with post-operative morbidity and/or with changes in parameters reflecting oxygen delivery.

The development of new therapies for the treatment of type 2 diabetes requires robust, reproducible and well validated in vivo experimental systems. Mice provide the most ideal animal model for studies of potential therapies. Unlike larger animals, mice have a short gestational period, are genetically similar, often give birth to many offspring at once and can be housed as multiple groups in a sin

The colonisation of winter barley fields by spring breeding carabids and its temporal modulation by the amount of potential hibernation sites was studied. Species richness of carabids was lower in landscapes with high length of boundaries and a high amount of non-cropped open habitats during early stages of the beetles’ colonisation of arable fields. Species number of beetles with high dispersal p

We compute noncovalent intermolecular interaction energies for the S22 test set [Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2006, 8, 1985-1993] of molecules at the Moller-Plesset and coupled cluster levels of supermolecular theory using density fitting (DF) to approximate all two-electron integrals. The error due to the DF approximation is analyzed for a range of auxiliary basis sets derived from Cholesky decomposit

The European Association of Urology renal cancer guidelines have been updated to recommend nivolumab and cabozantinib over the previous standard of care in patients who have failed one or more lines of VEGF targeted therapy.

In this article we argue that there are several similarities between the process of Bildung and the process of producing a modern monography which are mirrored in the final product of the thesis both in terms of content andstructure. A short historical summary of Bildung and hermeneuticsis given, followed by a discussion concerning the positioning and conceptualization of the individual within the

Long bone defects can be managed by the induced membrane technique together with autologous bone graft. However, graft harvest is associated with donor site morbidity. This study investigates if a tricalcium phosphate hydroxyapatite scaffold can be used alone or in combination with bone active drugs to improve healing. Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were randomized into four groups. (A) scaffold, (B

In this study we establish the use of optical non-contact profilometry combined with low vacuum scanning electron microscopy (LV SEM) for the investigation of lipid surfaces. We illustrate, by using profilometry, a methodology for investigation of chocolate surface topology as a function of time, in the same area of interest. Both qualitative and quantitative data analysis has been performed for p

Proliferation of rapidly dividing bone marrow-derived cells is strongly dependent on the availability of free glutamine, whose uptake is mediated through different amino acid transporters. The sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter (SNAT) family was previously reported to be associated with the development of collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Here, we tested the hypothesis whether impairm

Aim: The aim of the study was to reveal young carers' views of design of a web-based support system (WBSS) directed to them and the differences between their views and the views of project representatives (PRs), in a participatory design process. Methods: Eight young people, 17-24 years, were involved in either a work or a test group. The work group participated in video-recorded design meetings w

The dietary fibre composition in parsnip has been determined in the soluble and insoluble fraction, together with the physicochemical properties (morphology of particles, particle size distribution (PSD), volume fraction and rheological properties) of the parsnip suspensions at different paste concentration and degree of homogenization. The content of dietary fibre in parsnip was 30.4% of the dry

Objective. The purpose of this work was to develop an inexpensive phantom for simplified image quality assurance (IQA) together with algorithms for objective evaluation of image quality parameters and to integrate these components into an easy-to-use software package. This should help make quality control of dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) units accessible, easy, and affordable for any

Nanoparticles consisting of Yb and its divalent oxide YbO have been created by two different oxidation approaches based on the gas-aggregation method with magnetron sputtering. In one type of nanoparticles, the Yb oxide molecules, created by reactive sputtering before the aggregation, agglomerate predominantly in the interior of mixed-composition nanoparticles. In the other type, the oxide is form

Leaf area index (LAI), a measure of canopy density, is a key variable for modelling and understanding primary productivity, and also water use and energy exchange in forest ecosystems. However, LAI varies considerably with phenology and disturbance patterns, so alternative approaches to quantifying stand-level processes should be considered. The carbon isotope composition of soil organic matter (C

People with mobility disability are more often overweight or obese and have lower social capital than people without mobility disability. It is unclear whether having a combination of mobility disability and overweight or obesity furthers negative development of social capital over time.

Over the last 15 years significant advancements in induced polarization (IP) research have taken place, particularly with respect to spectral IP (SIP), concerning the understanding of the mechanisms of the IP phenomenon, the conduction of accurate and broadband laboratory measurements, the modelling and inversion of IF data for imaging purposes and the increasing application of the method in near-

Pickering emulsion polymerization was used to synthesize molecularly imprinted polymer beads for the selective recognition of 17-beta-estradiol under aqueous conditions. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated that the imprinted polymer beads had a small diameter with a narrow size distribution (18.9 +/- 2.3 mu m). The reduction in particle size achieved in this study was attributed to the